When I started graduate school over 15 years ago, I’ll admit, I had the stereotypical image of ADHD in my mind. I thought it was just the label we gave to overly rambunctious boys who couldn’t sit still, always bouncing off the walls. But through years of work in schools, private practice, and even my own diagnosis, I’ve learned that ADHD is much more complex than that.
Let’s break it down together, especially if you’re a parent who’s wondering if your child’s struggles might be more than just typical childhood behavior.
The Three Types of ADHD: What Do They Look Like?
ADHD isn’t one-size-fits-all. In fact, there are three main types, and each can show up in different ways:
1. Predominantly Inattentive Type
This isn’t the “hyper” kind of ADHD most people imagine. Kids with this type may seem daydreamy, distracted, or “in their own world.” Some signs might include:
- Trouble paying attention: Your child might miss details, make careless mistakes on homework, or seem not to listen when spoken to directly.
- Forgetfulness: Maybe they constantly lose things (like their backpack, lunch box, or homework).
- Difficulty organizing: Their room, desk, or backpack might look like a tornado hit it, and they struggle with planning out assignments.
- Easily distracted: They might start one task, get sidetracked, and never finish.
Example: Imagine asking your child to brush their teeth and get ready for bed. Twenty minutes later, you find them playing with toys, with no toothbrush in sight.
2. Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type
This is closer to the stereotype, but it’s not just about being “energetic.” Kids with this type may:
- Fidget and squirm: They have a hard time sitting still, even during meals or story time.
- Talk excessively: Sometimes it feels like there’s a running commentary on everything!
- Interrupt or blurt out answers: They may struggle to wait their turn in games or conversations.
- Act without thinking: This could mean grabbing things without asking, or running into the street without looking.
Example: You’re at the grocery store, and your child is bouncing from aisle to aisle, talking loudly, and grabbing items before you can say “wait!”
3. Combined Type
Many kids have a mix of both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms. This means they might be easily distracted and have trouble sitting still or waiting their turn.
Is It Really ADHD? The “D” Is Important
Here’s something I always emphasize: the “D” in ADHD stands for “Disorder.” That means these behaviors aren’t just occasional or mildly annoying; they’re getting in the way of your child’s daily life. It could be schoolwork, friendships, family routines, or self-esteem.
Some kids (and adults) have symptoms that cause some irritation, like losing your car keys for the third time this week. But if you (or your child) have found ways to work around these challenges, or if they’re not interfering with day-to-day functioning, it may not actually be ADHD as a disorder.
On the other hand, if your child’s attention, impulsivity, or hyperactivity is making it tough for them to learn, make friends, or feel good about themselves, it might be time to seek support.
What’s Next?
If you see these patterns in your child and they’re causing real challenges, an assessment can help you understand what’s going on and how best to support them. ADHD is not a reflection of bad parenting or a child who just needs to “try harder.” It’s a real neurodevelopmental difference, and with the right strategies and support, kids (and adults) with ADHD can thrive.
If you have questions or want to talk more about assessments, I’m here to help!
Warmly,
Bethany Zoeller
Licensed Educational Psychologist, #4064
Insights Assessment and Counseling, Inc.
